Carotenoids

Carotenoids are a group of naturally occurring pigments found in plants, algae, and some bacteria and fungi. They are responsible for the vibrant yellow, orange, and red colours seen in many fruits and vegetables. Synthetically produced carotenoids are also available for food use.

Carotenoids are primarily used as natural food colourings, providing yellow to red hues in a wide range of products. They are added to items such as confectionery, dairy products, baked goods, and beverages to enhance their visual appeal. Some carotenoids also act as antioxidants.

Carotenoids are authorised food additives in Great Britain and are listed on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations. Beta-carotene, a common carotenoid, is also a source of vitamin A. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has evaluated carotenoids. While they are generally recognised for their antioxidant properties, research into their specific health effects at typical dietary intakes is ongoing, with some studies suggesting potential benefits and others indicating no significant impact.