Cod Liver Oil

Cod liver oil is an oil extracted from the liver of cod fish. It is rich in omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA), vitamin A, and vitamin D. The oil is typically refined and purified before being used in food products or supplements.

Cod liver oil is primarily added to foods and supplements for its nutritional content, particularly its omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins A and D. It is often found in liquid supplements, capsules, and sometimes fortified foods like certain spreads or dairy alternatives, contributing to the product's health claims.

Cod liver oil is not classified as a food additive in the UK and therefore does not have an E-number or require authorisation on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations. It is a source of essential fatty acids and vitamins. The NHS notes that omega-3 fatty acids may support heart health, and vitamins A and D are important for vision, immune function, and bone health. EFSA has evaluated the health claims associated with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D. While generally considered beneficial, very high intakes of vitamin A can be toxic, and it's important to consume within recommended limits.