Colourant

Colourants are substances added to food to impart, restore, or enhance its colour. They can be derived from natural sources like plants, minerals, or insects, or they can be synthetic compounds produced chemically. The specific source and manufacturing process depend on the type of colourant used.

Manufacturers add colourants to make food more visually appealing, to compensate for colour loss during processing, or to provide a consistent colour. They are found in a wide variety of products, including confectionery, beverages, baked goods, dairy products, and processed meats.

Colourants used in the UK must be authorised and listed on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations, with specific conditions for their use. Some synthetic colourants have been subject to debate regarding their potential effects on children's behaviour. Regulatory bodies like EFSA have evaluated many colourants, and some have specific restrictions or labelling requirements. Evidence on health impacts at typical intake levels is generally considered safe by regulatory authorities, but ongoing research and consumer interest continue.