Electrolytes

Electrolytes are minerals that carry an electric charge when dissolved in body fluids such as blood. Common examples include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, and magnesium. They are naturally present in the body and are also found in foods and drinks.

Electrolytes are added to foods and drinks, particularly sports drinks and rehydration solutions, to help replenish those lost through sweat. They contribute to maintaining fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. They are often included in spring waters and unsweetened beverages for general hydration support.

Electrolytes are not typically considered food additives in the same way as E-numbers. Their presence in foods is usually due to their natural occurrence or fortification. The UK's Eatwell Guide advises that adults should consume no more than 6g of salt (which contains sodium and chloride) per day. Excessive intake of certain electrolytes, particularly sodium, can be associated with health concerns, as advised by the NHS. International bodies like WHO/IARC evaluate the health effects of specific dietary components.