Calcium

Calcium is a mineral and an essential nutrient for the human body. It is naturally found in many foods, such as dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fish. It can also be added to foods as a supplement or processing aid.

Calcium is often added to foods as a nutrient to fortify them, helping consumers meet their dietary requirements. It can also be used as a firming agent in processed fruits and vegetables, and as a processing aid in some baked goods. It is commonly found in dairy products, fortified plant-based drinks, and some cereals.

Calcium is an authorised nutrient in the UK and is not considered a food additive under Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008. Adequate calcium intake is important for bone health throughout life, as advised by the NHS and SACN. The WHO also recognises calcium as an essential nutrient. EFSA has evaluated the scientific evidence for calcium's role in bone health and growth. While generally considered safe and beneficial at recommended levels, very high intakes from supplements can sometimes lead to issues like constipation or, in rare cases, kidney stones, though this is not typically associated with dietary calcium.