Ground roasted coffee

Ground roasted coffee is made from the roasted seeds (beans) of the coffee plant, typically Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora. The beans are roasted to develop their characteristic flavour and aroma, then ground to varying degrees of fineness depending on the intended brewing method.

Coffee is primarily used as a flavouring ingredient in a wide range of food products, including confectionery, baked goods, and beverages. It imparts a distinct, rich, and often bitter taste, and can also contribute to the colour of foods.

Coffee itself is not considered a food additive under UK law and therefore does not have an E-number or require authorisation on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations. The consumption of coffee and its active compound, caffeine, has been studied extensively. Moderate consumption is generally considered safe for most adults and may be associated with certain health benefits, such as reduced risk of some diseases, according to some research. However, high intake can lead to side effects like anxiety, insomnia, and heart palpitations. EFSA has evaluated caffeine and established guidance on safe intake levels, noting that up to 400 mg of caffeine per day does not raise safety concerns for the general adult population.