Xylitol

Xylitol is a sugar alcohol that occurs naturally in small amounts in fruits and vegetables. It is commercially produced by the hydrogenation of xylose, which is often derived from birch wood or corn cobs. It has a similar sweetness to sucrose but with fewer calories.

Xylitol is used as a sugar substitute in a variety of food products, particularly sugar-free items like chewing gum, sweets, and toothpaste. Its ability to reduce the acidity of plaque in the mouth makes it a popular choice for oral hygiene products. It also has a cooling sensation, similar to menthol.

Xylitol is authorised as a food additive in Great Britain and is listed on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations. It has been evaluated by EFSA, which has assessed its safety. Consuming large amounts of xylitol can have a laxative effect due to its slow absorption in the gut. It is also known to be toxic to dogs, even in small quantities.