Fructooligosaccharide

Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are short chains of fructose sugar molecules. They occur naturally in many plants, including onions, chicory root, garlic, and bananas. Industrially, they are typically produced by enzymatic conversion of sucrose or from chicory root.

FOS are often used as a low-calorie sweetener and a prebiotic fibre. They can add a mild sweetness to foods and are found in various products such as cereal bars, biscuits, and dietary supplements. Their ability to promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria is a key reason for their inclusion.

Fructooligosaccharides are authorised as a food additive in Great Britain and are listed on the Register of Food Additive Authorisations. EFSA has evaluated FOS and their safety for use in foods. At typical consumption levels, they are generally considered safe, but high intakes may cause digestive discomfort, such as bloating or gas, for some individuals. Evidence suggests they can act as a prebiotic, supporting gut health.